|
The England–Scotland football rivalry is a sports rivalry that exists between their respective national football teams. It is the oldest international fixture in the world, first played in 1872 at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow. The history of the British Isles has led to much rivalry between the nations in many forms, and the social and cultural effects of centuries of antagonism and conflict between the two has contributed to the intense nature of the sporting contests. Scottish nationalism has also been a factor in the Scots' desire to defeat England above all other rivals, with Scottish sports journalists traditionally referring to the English as the "Auld Enemy". The footballing rivalry has diminished somewhat since the late 1970s, particularly since the annual fixture stopped in 1989. England have also developed rivalries with Germany and Argentina that are now considered to be more important than the historic rivalry with Scotland. The BBC website has commented that the games "have represented all that is good and all that is bad about football since the fixture began," while ''The Guardian'' newspaper once reported that "for millions across both sides of the border the encounter represents a chance for the ultimate victory over the enemy." As of November 2014, the teams have played 112 matches; England have won 47, Scotland 41, and there have been 24 draws.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=England-Scotland matches, 1872–1999 )〕 ==Background and early years== The rules of association football had been formalised and set down by The Football Association in England in 1863.〔Barrett, p. 8.〕 By 1870 C. W. Alcock, Secretary of The Football Association, issued public challenges in various Scottish newspapers,〔Charles W Alcock, ''The Scotsman'', 28 November 1870, page 7〕 including the ''Glasgow Herald'', to Scottish players to play an international match against England. One of the few public responses that Alcock received from Scotland stated that "devotees of the 'association' rules will find no foemen worthy of their steel in Scotland".〔H.M., ''The Scotsman'', 1 December 1870, page 12.〕 Alcock ardently defended that the right to play in these matches "was ''open to every Scotchman'' whether his lines were cast North or South of the Tweed".〔Charles W Alcock, ''The Scotsman'', 28 November 1870, page 7.〕 The first match was described in the ''Glasgow Herald'' as "the great international football match"〔''Glasgow Herald'', Monday, 7 March 1870; Issue 9415.〕 and there was acceptance by the same newspaper in 1871 that "both captains had been successful in the composition of elevens capable of efficiently representing their respective causes".〔''Glasgow Herald'', Monday, 27 February 1871; Issue 9721〕 Although the 1870 and 1871 matches are not currently recognised by FIFA as official, they were organised under the auspices of the FA and were described as "''international''" by ''The Scotsman'' newspaper. In 1870, Alcock had even suggested that the next international match should be held near the England-Scotland border as an easily accessible venue for both teams,〔 but this did not receive a response. Requests for Scotland-based players to partake were issued for each of these five matches, for example in November 1870: The matches are notable not just for being the ''first'' international matches, but also for illustrating emerging team playing tactics. For example, in the November 1870 match onlookers were treated to a match with "many scientific points"〔Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, Saturday 26 November 1870, issue 446〕 and in 1871 players (including Alcock) are noted to have been "''acting in concert''", leading to a goal"〔''The Scotsman'', Monday 27 February 1871, page 7〕 :''England v Scotland 1870–72: scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first.'' In 1872 a challenge match was agreed with the Glasgow team Queen's Park, who would represent Scotland. The FA's minutes of 3 October 1872 note that: According to ''The Scotsman'' newspaper of 2 December 1872, there were only about ten football clubs in Scotland. These early international matches helped to increase the popularity of association football in Scotland.〔Barrett, p. 9.〕 The first official match was held on 30 November 1872, on Scotland's national saint's day, St. Andrew's Day, and it took place at Hamilton Crescent in Partick, home of the West of Scotland Cricket Club.〔 The Scotland team was made up entirely of players from Queen's Park,〔 the most successful Scottish club of the period.〔 The game ended a 0–0 draw, watched by a crowd of 4000 who had paid a shilling each for admission.〔〔 The first goal between the two sides was scored by England's Alexander Bonsor in the next game at The Oval, the first official match between the two in England, which the English won 4–2 on 8 March 1873.〔 Following this, the game became an annual event, being held in England or Scotland in alternate years.〔 Scotland took their first win in the fixture in the 1874 game, again played at Hamilton Crescent, where they defeated England 2–1.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Scotland v England )〕 Later in the 1870s Scotland won the fixture three times in a row, including a 7–2 victory in the 1878 game.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「England–Scotland football rivalry」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|